THE CAUSES, EFFECTS AND SOLUTION TO EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS (A CASE STUDY OF ILAJE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA)
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THE CAUSES,
EFFECTS AND SOLUTION TO EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS (A CASE
STUDY OF ILAJE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA)
CHAPTER ONE
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Education
serves as a prime instrument in the development of Nigeria but the issue of
malpractice has led to the problem of this system. The main purpose of
examination is for certification of achievement, selection for educational and
employment opportunities, quality control of the curriculum and its delivery,
monitoring of educational standards and the assessment of school effectiveness.
However, the
occurrence of examination malpractices at any level of educational system poses
the greatest threat to the certificate thereby, issued. According to Olusoji et
al., (2002) examination malpractice is not a recent phenomenon neither is it
peculiar to tertiary level. It has been with us in Nigeria for a long time and
has now almost assumed an epidemic influence. The phenomenon increases in
number, scope, and complexity. The first publicity reported case of examination
malpractice in Nigeria occurred in 1914 when there was leakage of question
papers in senior Cambridge local examination. Since then there has been several
cases reported but within the recent times occurred in 2009. If we consider
also the cases of examination malpractices which occurred over the years within
our school system as well as examinations conducted by bodies such as JAMB,
NABTEB, NAEC, WAEC, NECO, NTI, and other professional bodies, it could be
concluded that examination malpractice is a common daily experience.
The effects
of examination malpractice are very shocking to educational, economic and
political development of any nation. Fibessima, (2002) identified the effect of
examination malpractice as a production of half baked graduates form academic
institution, retarded educational growth and development, false sense of value
and impression of students capability as well as loss of confidence in
candidates who are involved in examination malpractice.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The issue of
examination malpractice has become a frequent practice in Ilaje Local
government Area in Ondo State just it is in other states of the federation.
This takes
different forms. In order to carryout the research successfully, the following
underlying problems are to be investigated:
1. What is
examination malpractice?
2. What are
the causes of examination malpractice among students?
3. Lack of
preparation amongst students for examination.
4. Effect of
examination malpractice in the society.
1.3 RESEARCH
QUESTION
To achieve a
meaningful research result, the following basic question was drawn as measure
to guide the researcher in carrying but the researcher:
1. Does poor
moral upbringing of students in the society cause them to engage in examination
malpractice?
2. Do poor
teaching habits of teachers cause students to engage in examination
malpractices?
3. Could
lack of preparation of students for an examination be responsible for their
involvement in examination malpractice?
4. Do poor
conditions under which examination are conducted such as inappropriate sitting
arrangement and poor supervision cause students in examination malpractice?
5. Do most
students who engage in examination malpractice perform poorly in their after school?
6. Will a
society where students are involved in examination malpractice suffer lack of
skill manpower?
1.4
HYPOTHESIS
The
following are hypothesis derived from the research question:
1. Poor
moral upbringing of students in the society caused them to engage in
examination malpractice.
2. Poor
teaching habits of teachers cause students to engage in examination
malpractice.
3. Lack of
preparation of students for an examination causes them to get involve in
examination malpractice
4. Students’
involvement in malpractice is caused by poor conditions under which
examinations are conducted such as inappropriate sitting arrangement and poor
supervision.
1.5 PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study aims at the following
1. To
understand the concept about examination malpractice and it types.
2. To
identify the cause of examination malpractice among secondary school students.
3. To
realize and identify the negative effects of examination malpractice.
4. To
determine the ways of controlling examination malpractice among secondary
school students.
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
will help draw attention to the school principals who are much more concerned
with the students’ undue passing of examination rather than being concerned
with the curriculum. It will also educate parents, the school, the
government/educational administrators on the need for guidance and counseling
services in our secondary schools especially the ones in Ilaje Local Government
Area Ondo State.
The research
finding would benefit educational administrators with enablement on how to
control examination malpractice thereby preventing its negative effects.
1.7 SCOPE OF
STUDY
Five public
schools were taken for sample as case study in Ilaje Local Government Area.
1.8
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Below are
some operational definitions of terminologies used in this research.
Examination:
It is an important written or practical test at school that needs to undergo in
order to get a promotion or qualification.
Examination
malpractice: It is irregular or illegal behavior deliberate or inadvertent
conduct of a candidate before, during and after any examination or examination.
Secondary
school students: These are adolescents who are studying at an institution that
is between the basic primary and tertiary institution.
Cause: to
make something happen, especially something bad or unpleasant.
Effect: This
means the result of something upon another.
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