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ATTITUDE OF
STUDENTS TOWARDS THE STUDY OF SOCIAL STUDIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
to the Study
Over the
years, there have been growing concerns about the attitude of students towards
the study of social studies in secondary schools. The need to adapt our
education to the needs of the Nigerian society started before and after
independence. Many educational elites began to recognize that the functional
inadequacies of the educational system inherited from the colonial education
failed to develop positive values, attitudes and habits in our society because
the social studies they taught was British oriented and has nothing to offer to
the Nigerian child.
Fafunwa
(1974) observed that the present educational system instead of developing
positive values in the society which the African child lives, tends to alienate
him from his cultural environment. This
was the reason behind the re-evaluation of the educational system and the
curriculum of the school and objectives that are relevant to the society.
The major
ideas and philosophies behind the curriculum innovation in the 1969 National
Curriculum Conference according to Akinlaye (2001) were:
i. The need
to make education more relevant to the needs of the individuals and the
society.
ii. The need
to use education for national integration and socio-economic development.
iii. The
need to develop the right societal value and;
iv. The need
to make an individual responsible to the society in which he lives.
This been
the case, the National Policy on Education (2004) has in recognition the
important role social studies will play towards the achievement of the
country’s educational aims and objectives.
Thus, social studies was made a core subject. Hence, there is a greater
responsibility for social studies teachers in Nigeria today than the days
before independence, this is because the Nigerian youths now live in an
environment characterized by social ills and moral decadence which have to be
curbed at all cost. The youths therefore
need social studies education which focuses on the problems and issues of human
beings in their changing environments and seeks to develop desirable habits,
values, attitudes and skills in order to solve them.
Researchers
have concentrated much on the cognitive aspect of teaching in our secondary
schools because of the importance attached to success in public examinations,
however, there is an interplay between the cognitive and affective areas of
teaching. For example, Taylor (2001) and
Gunsch (2005) have shown that there is a relationship between interest and
developments in different school subjects, therefore, it is believed that
favourable attitude towards social studies may influence to a considerable
extent the uptake of knowledge in social studies.
Studies
relating to specific aspects of pupils’ attitude towards social studies and
other related subjects have been undertaken by several researchers. Jekayinfa (2007) has reported that high grade
in social studies at lower forms is a factor that can pull students to history
in the secondary schools in Nigeria. In
the study of factors associated with interest in science, Ormerod and Dukworth
(2000) have also identified a number of factors like personality, home and
other environmental factors among American and British High School students.
Statement of
the Problem
The poor
attitude of students towards the study of social studies in secondary schools
is an unsatisfactory state of affairs and imbalance in the educational sector
in particular and the nation’s development in general.
Social
studies as a core subject in the junior secondary school level suggest the
importance the government, parents and students themselves attach to the study.
The
phenomena increase in students’ attitude towards the study of social studies in
junior secondary schools should not be allowed to remain for too long
unattended to.
The need to
motivate stuents to develop positive attitude towards the study of social
studies in secondary school and to create a conducive environment for studying
social studies is not disputable and cannot be over-emphasized.
The
unfortunate thing is that students’ attitude towards the study of social
studies in schools is fraught with a lot of problems. There is a general belief that whenever
students perform poorly in their courses the teacher has not really taught them
well. People hardly look at the problem
from the point of view of the student’s attitude towards the courses; the
problem of this study therefore is to ascertain why students have poor attitude
towards the study of social studies in secondary schools.
Research
Questions
1. What is
the attitude of students towards the study of social studies in schools?
2. Is there
significant difference between the attitudes of male and female students
towards the study of social studies?
3. What
factors influences students’ attitudes towards the study of social studies?
4. What
factors can improve the attitude of students towards the study of social
studies?
Research
Hypothesis
Only
research question 2 was hypothesized for this study.
1. There is no significant difference
between the attitudes of male and female students towards the study of social
studies.
Purpose of
the Study
1. To find
out if the attitude of students towards social studies influences their study
of social studies in secondary schools.
2. To ascertain
if there is any significant differences between the attitudes of male and
female studies towards the study of social studies.
3. To find
out if there are factors that influences students’ attitude towards the study
of social studies.
4. To find
out if there are factors that can improve the attitude of students towards the
study of social studies.
Significance
of the Study
As Nigeria
is still a developing nation, it is hoped that the findings of this research
will encourage various governments to provide conducive environment, teaching
aids and qualified teachers for effective study of social studies in secondary
schools.
This study
is of educational importance because it is believed that if social studies
teachers in secondary schools understand the factors which stimulate the growth
of interest in social studies, such knowledge may provide bases not only to
make social studies popular but also to make the teaching of social studies
humanizing.
Re-orient
students with negative attitude towards the study of social studies in
secondary schools. Assist the government to identify students’ attitude towards
the study of social studies in secondary schools. Serve as a basis for other
researchers who are carrying out investigation on similar problems facing the
development of education in Nigeria. Help teachers and educational planners to
acquire knowledge of solving problems associated with the attitude of students
towards the study of social studies in secondary schools.
Scope of the
Study
The scope of
this study is to ascertain the attitude of students towards the study of social
studies in junior secondary schools in Nigeria; a case study of public junior
secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area, Benin City, Edo State was
used in this study.
Limitation
of the Study
A research
of this nature requires adequate time to ensure thorough work, but the time
allowed for this study was limited.
Some
respondents may not have provided accurate and sincere answers that represent
the true situation required for some of the questions in the questionnaire.
The
researcher experienced a lot of problems during the process of this study which
are as follows:
i. Delay in
administration of questionnaire due to public holidays.
ii. Typing
and administration of extra copies of questionnaire because some respondents
did not return their copies.
iii.
Appealing to the principles of some of the schools used for the study due to
interruption of lectures.
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