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THE
INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL SOCIAL CLASS ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
Educational
is the best legacy a nation can give to her citizens especially the youth. This
is because the development of any nation or community depends largely on the
quality of education of such a nation. It is generally believed that the basis
for any true development must commence with the development of human resource.
Much then is said that formal education remains the vehicles for social
economic psychological and environmental development of any society.
When we come
to think of students, they are the ones when
learn ideas to become more responsible and productive someday students from the rich and the poor, especially those
in Mbo local government area are affected by myriad of factors. Example of those
factors are socio-economic, psychological and environmental factors.
Socio-economic
factors are believed to be the common factors affecting students academic
performance. They have been suffering and socio-economic gaps between families,
(Johnson, 1996), lamented that parents become poor due to these hard measure,
such that they can no longer adequately effort good education of their
children.
Psychological
factors also give a big impact on students performance. One of these is street
hawking among students. Danesy and
Okediran (2002) elaborated that street hawking among students have
psychologically imposed other problems like sex networking behavior, Juvenile
sequent behavior, which takes much of the school time that necessited the poor
academic performance and dropout syndrome among students. Environmental factors
also influence academic performance . learning environment is one. The learning
environment that is free of barrier or obstacles or distractions such as noise,
gas/smoke pollutions and so on can constitute health hazards, which in return
affect or reduce students concentration or perceptive or conceptive focus to
learning.
Stephen J.
Ceci (1997) proposes that the efficacy of a family influence for academic
success is determined to a large degree by a child’s family background. In
addition, they claim that academic success is achieved only if family
background resources can be accessed to maximize the association between family
influence and outcome.
Dubey (1979)
no other agent of socialization is as important to the total make-up of the
child as his family. From the family, he builds up his background. The
important identification and self images, has their origins in the family.
A lot of people have risen to high positions
courtesy of social class, others only dream of better life but could not achieve it because of unfavourable income structure of parents.
Therefore, social class of parents
influences achievement. Many parents have high aspiration for their
children academic achievement, but could
these aspirations could only be realized if the social class of parents
are favourable. Due to the realization of the benefit of being educated many
parents forgo themselves a lot of good things in order to ensure that their
children achieve education. They believe that through education individuals
acquire usable and social education. They believe that through education
individuals acquire usable and social accepted vocational skills. A lot of
parents hope that with vocational skills. A lot of parents hope that
with vocational skills one can be productive which ensures individual and group
survival.
However, the
social class background of a child affects his success in school. A child from a higher income
structural or social class background has advantages over the child from a
lower income structural background. In a higher background there may be a
television set, radio, pictures reading and writing materials, all of which help
to prepare a child from learning a school
Boocock
(1972) the most important predictor of achievement in school associated with
the family is income structural background enters school earlier that the
earlier a child is exposed to education, the earlier a child is exposed to
education, the earlier the child start to learn. This is determined by the
social class of the parents.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The
influence of the family background , that is the socio-economic status of
parents in the academic achievement of their children have been posing very
serious problems to many people in our society. It is argued in some quarters
that children from rich parent performance better academically than those children from poor parental
background in the classroom situation. But some people hold the opposite view
by a arguing that most of the children from
the rich families are way-ward in school academically than children from
poor and average families.
In the
classroom here in Mbo local government area, the teacher teaches pupils
together irrespective of their family background. This research work is premised on his erroneous thinking and
misconception in our society. The researcher is therefore poised to make
findings to determine whose child performs
better academically and what are the causative agents to this. The researcher
will also find solution to the problems and suggest ways and methods to
eradicate or improve upon the situation for the benefits of pupils, parents,
schools, education, and the society as well.
1.3 THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The research
was at directed at the achievement of the following objectives:
To
identifying the difference types of family background
To
identifying the influence of the family background as it affects the academic
various achievement of their children
To carrying
out controlled study and investigation on home environment and facilities in
these homes for children educational development with special references to mbo
local government
To suggest the
possible solutions to the problems so as to enhance pupils academic performance
in school.
Hopefully,
when parents are once more reminded of
their divine and practical responsibilities of their children, our school
system and society will be mere stable disciplined and functional one.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
In order to
carryout the research successfully, the following questions were formulated:
Do our
parental social background differ another?
Do various
parent social background influence children academic performance?
Do the home
environment develop children educational performance?
Do these
identified problem affect the pupils academic performance in schools?
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