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PRINCIPAL
MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATIONAL REPROCESS AND STUDENTS PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS
STUDIES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the study
In recent
times, education stakeholders have expressed their concern over the poor
performance of students in business education at the school certificate
examination. Some blamed the school administrators (principals) and the
teachers while some blamed the students themselves and theparents. Whoever is
to be blamed, the fact remains that, the school and its organizational
management has correlation with the academic performance of the students. Leith
(2004). The school principal who is the manager has a lot of roles to play in
the academic achievement of the students. Ruth et all (1979) Wekessa (1997)
Olagboye (2004) noted that to improve students’ performance, principals or
managers are required first to improve the management of the schools.
This can be
done if the principal set a clear vision for the schools, exhibit instructional
leadership, and also allow for team spirit in the school. Lack of vision in the
management of school often lead to imbalance in the allocation of and use of
resources. This is why Ayot and Briggs (1992) noted that academic achievement
of students depends on effective leadership. The principal is the chief
executive of the school. He has some administrative tasks to perform such as
supervision of instructional programmes in the school, management of school
personnel, management of school finance, maintenance of student welfare
services and establishment of good community relations. His or her failure to
perform these tasks effectively and efficiently will affect the tone of the
school and achievement of academic goals.(Nwankwo 1982 and Peretomode 1991). In
the discharge of these tasks, the manager is expected to plan, control,
organize, coordinate and direct human and non-human resources in the
organization in order to achieve the goals of the organization.(Adeleke 2001
and Onifade 2004) Nigeria education system is largely examination oriented.
Hence poor performance of students in examination is always attributed to the
school administration where the principal is at the helm of affairs.
The poor
performance of students in business studies had been largely attributed to poor
management of the principals. It appears that most principals fail to monitor,
and disseminate current information on educational issues and modern teaching
techniques to teachers in the schools. This has been a source of concern to the
government and education stakeholders. Observation shows that most schools both
in rural and urban are not well equipped of learning materials, enough
teachers, computers were not available which could have prepared the students
for electronic examination in future Even in some urban schools where computers
were available the epileptic supply of electricity has limited their use. A
consideration of the above posed a challenge to the administrative
effectiveness of the principal. The inability of some principals to encourage
team spirit, among teachers, poor human relations with teachers and
inconsistent classroom visitations are all hindrance to effective learning and
teaching. A principal who properly exercises his or her leadership responsibility
will enable his or her school to realize good academic achievement. This argues
the fact that effective management of organization is a prime contributory
factor in achievement (Chitiavi, 2002). Teachers are not exempted from the
controversy on the poor performance of students in secondary school
examinations. The poor attitude of teachers to teaching and lack of
professional development contribute to poor academic performance of students. A
critical look at the students’ academic performances in business studies over
the year show that much work is expected to be performed by principals and
teachers in order to improve the level of academic performance in secondary
schools in the state. It is against this background that this study
investigated the role of principal’s organizational management on academic
achievement of students in secondary schools in Rivers States.
Statement of
the general problem
Poor
performance of students in business studies has persisted despite the fact
secondary schools are assumed to be having well-qualified students from primary
schools, trained and qualified principals. The reasons for poor performance
cannot be easily discerned without focused investigation. This implies that
much work is being expected to be performed by teachers and principals in order
to improve the level of students’ academic performance in secondary schools.
This study therefore aimed at focusing on the role of principal who is at the
helm of affairs of the school on academic achievement of the students in
secondary school.
Aims and
objectives of the study
The
following are the aims and objectives for undertaking this study
To know if
principal management influences students’ performance in business studies in
ObioakporLGA
To know if
educational reprocess influences students’ performance in business studies in
ObioAkpor LGA
To recommend
ways of ensuring high students’ performance in business studies in ObioAkpor
LGA.
Research
Questions
The
following research questions guided the study.
What are the
principals’ organization skills that influenced academic achievement of the
student?
Which
academic activities do the principal need to participate to help improve
academic performance of student?
Does
educational reprocess influence students’ performance in Business studies?
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