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MANAGEMENT
OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the study
Increased understanding of the epidemiologic context,
pathophysiology, and treatment efficacy of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
has raised corollary questions regarding subsequent morbidities, in addition to
diabetes, sustained by patients with this diagnosis. Both hypertension and
vascular disease have been examined as conditions that may be predicted by GDM.
Obesity and insulin resistance are central attributes of both GDM and the
metabolic syndrome. These characteristics and dyslipidemia are associated with
endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and overexpression of inflammatory
responses, all of which contribute to vascular disease. These associations have
significant public health ramifications because of the current epidemic of
obesity, affecting individuals of all age-groups. The recent report of Crowther
et al. (1) confirming the efficacy of screening for and treatment of
mild-to-moderate levels of glucose intolerance in mid-pregnancy in reducing
both perinatal and maternal morbidity has set the stage for universal maternal
screening and thereby identifies a cohort of young women (as many as 200,000
annually in the U.S.) who may be at risk for subsequent hypertension and
vascular disease. Recent trials of exercise and dietary interventions and
pharmacological treatments suggest that such interventions may reduce late
post-gestational morbidity among women with prior GDM. Consequently, questions
about the association of GDM and subsequent hypertension and vascular disease
are timely and important.
1.2
Statement of the problem
There may have been previous researches in this
subject. This work gives further explanations and analysis in management of
gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
1.3
Objectives of the study
1. To understand the impact
of gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders on health status pregnant
women
2. To understand the
relationship between gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders and health
development among pregnant women
1.4
Research questions
1. What is the impact of
gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders on health status pregnant women
2
What is the relationship between gestational diabetes and
hypertensive disorders and health development among pregnant women
1.5
Research hypothesis
H0: There is no relationship between gestational
diabetes and hypertensive disorders and health development among pregnant women
H1: There is a relationship between gestational
diabetes and hypertensive disorders and health development among pregnant women
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