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TOPIC:
EVALUATION
OF THE FERTILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF A DEGRADED FIELD IN IDEATOR-OWERRI
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Background of the study
Land degradation is a concept in
which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by one or more
combination of human induced processes acting upon the land. It literally
refers to the impairment of natural quality of soil component of any ecosystem.
Land degradation which is also seen as a decline in land quality caused by
human activities, has been a major global issue since the 20th century and it
has remained high on the international agenda in the 21st century. The
importance of land degradation in Ideato/owerriis enhanced because of its
impact on food security and quality of the environments. The map of the study
area is presented on the next page.
Land degradation can be viewed as
any change or disturbance to the land perceived to be deleterious or
undesirable (Eswaran, 2001). In the study area, the
researcher observed loss of the biological and economic productivity and
complexity of rain-fed cropland, irrigated cropland, range, forest and
woodlands resulting from land uses or from a combination of processes arising
from human activities and habitation patterns such as soil erosion caused by
wind or water, deterioration of the physical, chemical, biological and economic
properties of soil and long-term loss of natural vegetation. But there are also
off-site effects, such as loss of watershed functions which is a major problem
in Ideato/owerri.
Natural hazards are excluded as a
cause of land degradation in Ideato/owerri, however human activities can
indirectly affect phenomena such as floods and bush fires.
1.2
Statement of the problem
Research has shown that up to 60% of
agricultural land in Ideato/owerri is seriously degraded. Furthermore, the main
outcome of land degradation is a substantial reduction in the productivity of
the land
The major causes of land degradation
include, land clearance poor farming practices, overgrazing, inappropriate
irrigation, urban sprawl, and commercial development, land pollution including
industrial waste and quarrying of stone, sand and minerals. High population
density is not necessarily related to land degradation within Ideato/owerri,
but it is what a population does to the land that determines the extent of
degradation. In the study area, where a large proportion of human population
depend almost entirely on land resources for their sustenance, this over
dependency results in the increasing competing demand for land utilization such
as grazing, fish pond construction, quarrying, crop farming amongst others.
1.3
Objectives of the study
1. To understand the meaning of land
degradation
2. To evaluate the fertility
characteristics of a degraded field in ideato/owerri
3. To come up with recommendations
1.4
Research Questions
1. What is the meaning of land
degradation?
2. What are the fertility
characteristics of a degraded field in ideato/owerri
1.5
Research Hypothesis
H0: Land degradation does have a
negative impact on the fertility characteristics of a degraded field in
ideato/owerri
H1: Land degradation does not have a
negative impact on the fertility characteristics of a degraded field in
ideato/owerri
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