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EFFECTS OF HIV/AIDS
ON THE LIVELIHOODS OF RURAL FARMERS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
HIV/AIDS related problems have continued to be
major problems for human welfare.
The study was set to evaluate the impact of
HIV/AIDS on livelihood of rural farmers of Enugu State which has HIV prevalence
of 5.2 with about 51,639 persons infected. The study specifically sought to:
describe socio economic characteristic of people living with HIV/AIDS, describe
the major HIV/AIDS related problems in the rural areas, describe people living
with HIV/AIDS’ access/responses to sources of helps to cope with their health
status, determine people living with HIV/AIDS’ access to farm assets such farm
size, labour, and estimate determinants of technical efficiency of HIV/AIDS
infected households. A total of 54 HIV/AIDS affected households were selected.
Data were collected through the use of structured questionnaires. Data analysis
involved the use of descriptive statistics, Principal Component Analysis,
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Lest Significant Difference (LSD) as well as
Coelli 4.0 maximum likelihood estimation techniques. Results showed that fifty
six percent of the respondents were females while forty four were males. The
distribution by age shows that majority of the patients were between 16-38
years. Access to free drugs and medication was very limited in the study area.
Results show that only 16 percent of
respondents always had access to free
medication while the majority (63%) did not. Free
medication is necessary in view of the high
cost of drugs and numerous diseases associated
with HIV. Twenty-seven percent of the
respondents often received help from NGOs while 55
percent did not often receive such help.
Principal component analysis showed that HIV
infected households were responding most to
family helps and also to nutrition and free
medication as well as financial help. The LSD
test showed that HIV reduces the mean scores
of the selected farm assets namely farm size,
family labour, hired labour and income. The
Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) estimate
showed that variance-ratio parameter γ*
was 0.5659. It implied that 56.59 percent of
the differences between observed and the
maximum frontier output for the farmers was
due to the existing differences in efficiency
levels among them. The estimated value of
gamma was 0.782 for all the farmers. Its t-value
was 2.636. The statistical significance of
this value at 5 percent level implied that all the
farmers were grossly inefficient in
agricultural production. It showed that productivity is
positively related to Land Area (farm size),
Family labour, Hired labour and quantity of
fertilizer. It was recommended among others
that Champaign against HIV should be directed
more to young people who are the most infected
in order to increase the number of youths
actively involved in farming.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
1.2
Statement of the Research Problem
1.3
Objectives of the Study
1.4
Significance of the Study
1.5
Research Questions
1.6
Research Hypothesis
1.7
Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8
Assumptions
1.9
Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Sources of Literature
2.2
The Review
2.3
Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Method
3.2
Research Design
3.3
Research Sample
3.4
Measuring Instrument
3.5
Data Collection
3.6
Data Analysis
3.7
Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1
Data Analysis
4.2
Results
4.3
Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1
Summary
5.2
Recommendations for Further Study
References
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