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FAMILY
BACKGROUND AND IT'S INFLUENCE ON THE CHILD PERFORMANCE IN SCHOOL
ABSTRACT
This
research work was set out to examine the family background and its influence on
the child academic performance. If the child family background has any effect
on his performance at school, some selected primary schools in Oredo local
government area of Edo State as a case
study in the process of carrying out this research work, certain thought in the
vain of questions came to mind which are:
- To what extent does the
students’ family structure (family size) affect his performance academically?
- To what extent does the parents
educational position influence the students academic performance
- How far does the family
background affect their academic performance?
- Does the socio-economic class of
parents influence the students’ academic performance?
In the same
vain, through or during the process of carrying out this research work, there
was certain discovery vis:
1. That the structure and position of
students in the family has effect on his academic performance
2. That student from a more conducive
family background performed better than those in non conducive background for a
conducive background facilitate the learning situation and improved the
academic performance of students.
3. It was also discovered that family
structure (monogamous or polygamous) has the ability to affect the students
academic performance either positively on negatively o the basis of discovery,
recommendations were made in order to improve the academic performance of
students.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
Chapter One
Introduction
Background
of study
Statement of
the problems
Objectives
of the study
Research
questions
Significance
of the study
Scope/limitations
of study
Definition
of terms
Chapter
Two
Literature
review
Chapter
Three
Methodology
Design of
study
Area of
study
Study
population
Sample/sampling
techniques
Instrument
of data collection
Method of
data
Chapter Four
Data
analysis and discussion of results
Chapter Five
Summary,
Conclusion and recommendations
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Every child is unique and so he must
react to the school environment in his own way. Since a child behaviour is the
product of heredity and environment (a child family background, his upbringing,
his peer group and al forces of his own environment) must play a major role in
his school performance. The family unit is the first and primary foundation of
the child learning process. Apart from the materials stimulation, needed by the
child and provided by his family for his intellectual development a child also
is expected to be emotionally balanced. This will enable him to cope with all
the social tolerant that would disturb him at school. All families do not have
equal economic and social status and since children from different homes attend
different problems therefore the various children under this condition would be
disturbed at school much effect is therefore required of the teachers in
identifying the child’s problems which may be traceable to his family. The
teacher should study the child’s family background and correlate them with the
child performance at school.
BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
In the recent past, sociologist
achieve tried to identify the characteristics of family background which are
directly related to cognitive development and achievement in schools. The
impact of family background on the academic achievement of pupils in schools
today is receiving wide acknowledgement in many educational circles in the
world. Family background plays an important role in the students’ performances
because it is the foundations of education. The family is an institution which
provides for the child’s primary socialization and initial education. The
initial stage of child socialization depends on the influence of people around him
of all the agents of socialization. The family is the most immediate and most
important. The problems of why students achieve or fail to achieve success in
school has always been an issue to psychologist, educationist etc. family
background has a significant influence on the socialization of the child. Some
writer like Lovell P. (1999) are of the view that parents who are educated and
economically well off are likely to have fewer children than parents who are
not only poor but are illiterate or semi illiterate and ignorant. Rich children
they opined do lack attention from their parents in matter relating to
education. At home life for such children is comfortable with amenities like
house helps television sets, video sets, stimulating cognitive materials and
all sorts of things to play with while at school, the child does not have to
think of where his next fee will be coming from. Simply because the child is
assured and therefore feels confidents and is alert also scholars like Lovell
P. (1999) are also of the view that a child whose parents are illiterate and
poor is not likely to attract such attention from their parents. Children from
the above mentioned different family background come together to study in the
same school under the same class teachers using the same curriculum. It is in
the light of this that the researcher intends to find out the effect which
family background has on the pupils performance in primary schools.
STATEMENT OF
PROBLEM
In Nigeria today, the standard of
education has fallen thus leading to lots of arguments among scholars, traders,
stake holders, educationalist, civil servants etc as to the immediate and the
remote cause of the fallen standard and the factors hindering high standard of
education, while we blame government, teachers and pupils the family which the
pupils came from have much to be desired. It is of great importance to note
that we cannot exonerate the family which the child comes from when we are
talking about pupils performance in school. This is based on either the family
background which is either polygamous or monogamous in nature social economic
status of the parents or level of education of parents or of the family and
health facilities may also be involved.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
To deal with the influence of family
on the academic performance of the child in selected primary schools in Oredo
local government area of Edo State certain questions are to be asked for
example:
1. To what extent does the level of
education of parents influence the academic performance of the pupils?
2. Does the socio-economic status of
parents influence the pupil’s performance academically?
3. Does the family structure in terms
of monogamy and polygamy influence the academic achievement of pupils?
4. How far does the attitude of
parents and siblings affect the academic performance of pupils?
PURPOSE OF
THE STUDY
Family background is one of the
factors that influence the academic achievement of children at school. The
family is the bedrock of the child’s socialization process. A child starts
leaning about life as soon as she came into the world from the family
background, the school as a source of western education. It has been argued
that a child family background influence his educational outcomes by affecting
her attitude in school. It has been observed that the pupils’ poor performance
in their school work could be traced to their parents educational status, the
parents socio-economic status, and the family structure of the pupils. It is
therefore the purpose of this study to investigate the background of family on
the academic achievement of the pupils.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
Every parent wants a successful
result from the child who goes to school. Children succeed in school when
certain factors are put into place some of these include: ensuring that the
child feeds well at home, does his homework, provided with the required
textbooks and writing materials and has her work checked regularly.
Unfortunately many pupils fail in school owing to no fault of theirs. However,
some parents are ignorant of what they are expected to do, to help the pupil
perform well academically in school. Teachers themselves are not left out. As
young children, there is need for proper guidance and education on the relative
benefits of schooling to the pupils. The study will assist parents to have an
insight into the behaviour needs of their children.
This study
also will enable the teachers to know that pupils are not solely responsible
for their poor performance in school. The teachers will be able to come to grip
with some of the problems that affect pupil’s performance. It will avail the
teacher the corrective measures which if adhered to will help both the teachers
and pupils achieve greater academic excellence. This study intends to reveal
the factors that impede or enhance the progress of the child at school.
SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
This study, is limited to findings
out family background and its influence on the child’s academic performance in
some of the primary school selected in Oredo ;local government area of Edo
State are: Emotan, Oguola, Agbado, Emokpae, and Payne primary schools, Benin
City.
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Family
background: This involves the condition I the home created by parents. These
include educational background, home status, and family structure in terms of
monogamy and polygamy and provision of educational materials.
Social
class: The group that people belong to which is defined by property ownership
and control of health.
Academic
performance: The scores an individual obtain in a class, test or examination
based on his learning experience in school.
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