THE LEVEL OF CHEMISTRY EDUCATION LITERACY AMONG THE JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ENUGU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ENUGU STATE.
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THE LEVEL OF
CHEMISTRY EDUCATION LITERACY AMONG THE JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
ENUGU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ENUGU STATE.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Information
and Communication Technology (ICT) has taken over the global economy. Most
things if not all require ICT to be performed. The education sector is not left
out of this as Information and Communication Technology(ICT) has improved the
method of teaching and learning; it has made teaching and learning less
difficult. Teaching and learning with the aid of ICT has grown beyond the four
walls of a classroom to learning from the comfort of one’s apartment. This
advancement
in technology has equally bridged the digital divide between information rich
and poor society. According to Tinio (2002) ICT has the potentials of
increasing relevance and quality of education in developing countries and the
field of education has been affected by ICT, which have indisputably affected
teaching, learning, and research. Many scholars have proven through their works
the much benefits of ICT to the quality of education (Yusuf, 2005).
chemistry
literacy is the ability to use computers to perform a variety of tasks and is
becoming fundamental to the learning process (Osuji, 2010).
chemistry
literacy is being able to handle a wide range of varying chemistry applications
for various purposes. Albirini (2004) considers chemistry literacy as educators’
belief about their computer knowledge and skills.
Due to the
fact that state governments in Nigeria needed to fully implement the National
Policy on chemistry Education in Nigeria’s policy, they introduced chemistry
literacy education across secondary schools in Nigeria in 1997 (Bada, Ajibade
& Ojedokun, 2009, and Adomi & Kpangban, 2010). The reasons for this
are: to introduce the use of chemistry in teaching, to make the present
generation appreciate the use of chemistry, to make both students and teachers
appreciate the benefits of chemistry to the education sector, and to expose
both students and teachers to an unlimited body of knowledge.
Similarly,
in the Federal government of Nigeria’s bid to fully implement the use of chemistry
across schools, the National Policy on Information Technology was introduced in
2001 in order to relate the message of chemistry literacy to secondary schools
in the rural areas.
With such
policies in place, steps have been taken to improve the use of ICT in both
teaching and learning from the primary to the tertiary education.
However, the
situation in primary and secondary schools across the country has not really
improved; as we still witness cases of most schools without chemistry
laboratories and those who try to have are without competent teachers to teach
amidst other factors. chemistry education is really lacking across junior
secondary schools, though some private schools are trying to provide few lab
for learning.
A study that
was carried out by Jegede and Owolabi (2003) when comparing the Nigeria
National chemistry Policy of 1987 with what is currently obtainable across
secondary schools in Nigeria revealed that chemistry education is more
practiced in Federal unity schools and a few private schools. These schools are
located in the urban areas which means that more schools in the urban areas
practice chemistry education compared to schools in the rural areas. A study
carried out by Osunwusi and Abifarin (2013) to determine the level of chemistry
literacy revealed that private secondary schools have access to and use chemistry
in teaching and learning compared to public schools. Bearing the current state
of chemistry literacy in the urban areas, the need to study the level of chemistry
literacy among junior secondary school in rural areas generate much questions
like: Is chemistry literacy taught in rural areas? Is chemistry science taught
in junior secondary schools? Are schools in the rural areas implementing the
National Policy on Education in Nigeria policy? These questions call for much
concern as this study is meant to examine the level of chemistry literacy among
the junior secondary school students in Enugu North Local government area in
Enugu state. Most especially now the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board
introduced the use of Computer Based Test (CBT) for its examination. Of which
one of the criteria for the exam is that one must be a computer literate; and
being a chemistry literate requires a good foundation like chemistry being
taught right from the primary school. A student who is taught science in
primary and secondary school will not have problem in JAMB’s examination; that
is why it is pertinent for this study to examine the level of chemistry
literacy among the junior secondary school students and make recommendations
where necessary to improve chemistry literacy across junior secondary schools
in Enugu state.
1.2. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
chemistry
literacy has been one of the problems of the education sector in Nigeria,
especially in Enugu state considering the current trend of technology.
The level of
chemistry literacy in junior secondary schools across the country is really
alarming as most schools do not teach chemistry at all. Schools who try to
teach are more into theory than practical; there are no chemistry to match
theory with practice; schools who have chemistry have it in limited number.
Similarly,
another problem tied to the low level of chemistry literacy among the junior
secondary school is the absence of competent teachers. Some teachers who teach chemistry
science especially in the rural areas are unskilled. They are just good on the
basics of chemistry, and knowledge of this alone cannot give them the avenue to
fully educate the students on computer literacy.
These are
some of the problems this study will give recommendations on.
1.3.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of
this study is to examine the level of chemistry literacy among the junior
secondary school students in Enugu North Local government area in Enugu state.
Specifically,
the study intends to:
I. To know
if there are competent teachers of chemistry science in Enugu North local government
area.
ii. To
assess the factors that affect chemistry literacy among junior secondary
schools in Enugu North Local government area in Enugu state.
iii. To identify ways of improving chemistry
literacy among junior secondary schools in Enugu North local government area.
v. To
examine the extent of chemistry literacy among junior secondary schools in
Enugu North local government area.
vi. To
recommend ways of improving chemistry literacy in Enugu state.
1.4.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following research questions were asked to guide the study, whereas answer to
the following questions will be sought as a basis for testing the hypotheses:
Are there
competent teachers of chemistry science in Enugu North local government area?
What are the
factors that affect chemistry literacy among junior secondary schools in Enugu
North Local government area in Enugu state?
What are the
ways of improving chemistry literacy among junior secondary schools in Enugu
North local government area?
What is the
extent of chemistry literacy among junior secondary schools in Enugu North
local government area?
What are the
ways of improving chemistry literacy in Enugu state?
1.5.
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES
The
hypotheses proposed in this study are stated in the null as follows:
HYPOTHESIS
ONE
Ho: There is
no significant relationship between chemistry literacy and students’ academic
performance.
HYPOTHESIS
TWO
Ho: Junior
secondary schools in Enugu North local government area are not well equipped
with lab facilities.
1.6.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
research study aims to contribute both theoretically to the literature, and
practically to the education sector of Nigeria, it shall seek to provide
ordinary insight on area concerned with chemistry literacy, and explore the
possibility of improving the level of chemistry literacy among the junior
secondary school student in Enugu North local government area and Nigeria as a
whole. It also aims to contribute to the extant literature on the level of chemistry
literacy among the junior secondary school students in Enugu north local
government area in Enugu state. In addition, this research study offers
recommendations that will improve the level of chemistry literacy in Nigeria.
The study
has the potential of encouraging the government and management of secondary
schools to see the need for providing schools with computer facilities in order
to improve the level of chemistry literacy in the country. It will encourage even non-governmental
organizations to contribute towards providing secondary schools with science
lab, cchemistry text books and even internet services.
Finally,
this study is also expected to serve as an input to the body of knowledge. It
would also be useful to students of tertiary institutions writing their final
year projects, as well as lecturers.
1.7. SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The scope of
this study covers the level of chemistry literacy in Nigeria. However, due to logistics, this study has
been limited to the study of the level of chemistry literacy among the junior
secondary students in Enugu North local government, Enugu state.
1.8.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The
following limitations of the study are as follows:
Time: – This
is the first limitation that affected the research study badly because carrying
out the study requires time and one can’t afford to miss lecture and embark on
a journey to the cost study.
Finance: –
It is another limitation because the study requires enough funds to carry out
the research and without the funds the study will not be fruition.
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